Ague Tree

• Botanical Name(s): Sassafras Officinale

• Popular Name(s): Sassafras,Ague Tree, Cinnamon Wood and Saxifrax

• Parts Used: Bark Root

• Habitat: [[Eastern United States]], from Canada to Florida, and Mexico.

• Description: The tree stands 20 to 40 feet high, with many slender

branches, and smooth, orange brown bark. The leaves are broadly oval, alternate, and 3 to 7 inches long. The flowers are small, and have an inconspicuous, greenish yellow color. The roots are large and woody.

Uses: The oil is said to relieve the pain caused by menstrual obstructions. It is used in skin diseases. It has been praised as a dental disinfectant. A lotion of rose water or distilled water, with Sassafras Pith is recommended for the eyes.Sassafras is used primarily in skin problems such as eczema and psoriasis. As another aspect of its undoubted systemic activity, sassafras may be used with benefit in the treatment of rheumatism and gout. As a diaphoretic sassafras may be used in fevers and systemic infections. Sassafras has a disinfectant action and makes a valuable mouthwash and dentifrice. Sassafras acts as a specific to combat head lice and other body infestations.

Sassafras root bark was long considered a virtual cure-all, but only its effectiveness in relieving intestinal gas and as a diuretic have been substantiated. Because of the designation as "unsafe," the bark is no longer sold or used commercially, nor should it be used by anyone.

When the Spanish arrived in Florida in the early 16th century, they mistook the fragrant sassafras for a cinnamon tree, an error still perpetuated in one of the tree's common names. The local Indians used the bark of its roots to treat fevers and rheumatism, and as a general tonic and "blood purifier"-a medicine that by causing urination and sweating cleanses the blood of "impurities" once thought to cause a range of ailments from skin diseases to malaria. Word of sassafras's amazing curative powers reached Europe, and for a time it became a major colonial export, second only to tobacco. The Europeans also discovered sassafras tea, and it soon became a fashionable beverage. A growing (but unjustified) reputation as a cure for syphilis cost sassafras its respectability, however, and as a result, its economic importance.

An oil extracted from the tree remained in use as an antiseptic for dentistry and as a flavoring for toothpastes, root beer, and chewing gum until the early 1960's. At that time the U.S. Food and Drug Administration declared that the chemical compound safrole, found in the oil of the root bark, was a potential carcinogen.